Windmill



{No-Muang' l 2 sheets-sheet 2. C. B. PUTNAM.

WNDMILL.

No. 515,408. 2P-W4.

, EE. www.. V

www

NITED STATES PATENT rerun.

CHARLES B. PUTNAM, OF MARION, lOl/VA.

'WINDNHLL BCIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 515,408, datedFebruary 27', 1894.

Application tiled March 25,1893. Serial No. 467.635. (No model.)

specification.

The rst part of this invention consists in trussing a vertical solidwheel in a peculiar manner; and the second pai-tof the inventionconsists in apeculiar crank-motion, exclusively designed and adapted foremployment in windmills, as means fortransmitting power from the wheelto a pump-rod, and comprising certain novel combinations of parts, ashereinaiter more fully stated.

The objects of the invention are to adapta metallic solid 'wheel to bethoroughlybraced with the least possible weight; to reduce trictionbetween the wind-wheel shaft and the pitman-guide or slide reci procatedby said shaft, and to facilitate making and maintaining a tight jointbetween said slide and the pump-rod.

Two sheets of drawings accompany this specification as part thereof.

.Figure 1 of the drawings is a perspective view of the upper part of awindmill embody- .ing the present improvements. Fig. 2 is a fragmentaryperspective view of the wheel, showing its peculiar details. Fig. 3 is aperspective view of one of its diagonal struts detached. Fig. el is anend view of the crankshaft and side views of the pitman, slide, andguide-tube, the latter partly in section, showing the improvedcrank-motion. Fig. 5 is an elevation projected from Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is across-section on the line 6--6 Fig. 5, and a plan view of the partsbelow this plane shown in Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a top View of said slideland the attached pump-rod, and Fig. 8 is an elevation, partly insection, projected from Fig. 7.

Like letters and numbers refer to like parts in all the figures.

As shown in Fig. 1, the improved windmill is composed of a verticalsolid wheel A, a horizontal crank-shaft B on one end of which said wheelis fast, a suitable frame-casting C in which said shaft has itsbearings, an upwardly extending pitman D transmitting power from thecrank, a slide E reciprocated by said pitman, a slotted verticalguide-tube F on which said casting C is fast, a cap Gon the upper end ofsaid guide-tube, a tail H, supported in part from said cap, and looselyattached to said guidetube below the casting C, and devices l, whichform no part of the present invention, for pulling the wheel A into thewind with the aid of said tail H; the Whole being mounted on the upperend of a tower J, which as shown in Fig. 1 is of the improvedconstruction set forth in my Patent No. 406,470, dated July il, 1889,but for the purposes of the present invention may be of any approveddescription. The wheel A, in common with some other solid wheels, iscomposed ot' several segmental sections, each in turn comprising severalradial sails of sheetmetahset obliquely at an effective angle. In theimproved wheel the sails 10, Fig. 2, of each section of the wheel, arerigidly connected with each other near their outer ends and also neartheir inner ends by segmental rim-sections 11, in pairs, attached byrivets 12, Fig. 2, to the respective lateral edges of each sail. One ormore diagonal struts 13, Figs. 2 and 3, are interposed between therimsections of each pair, so .as totorm in connection with the obliquesails andthe rinisections a truss, complete in each section of thewheel, and of the requisite rigidity to withstand the maximumwind-pressure. Where the wheel-sections are connected with each other, athrough-bolt le., Fig. 2, at each joint, surrounded by a strut-tube 15,passes through the overlapping ends of the adjoining rim-sections, andat the same time attaches thereto one of the radial ribs 16, Figs. 1 and2, of which there is one for each intersection joint; the screw-nuts 17of said bolts being securely locked in an y approved Way. The customaryfront braces 1S, Figs. 1 and 2, are attached to the ribs 1G midwaybetween the inner and outer rims of the Wheel, and converge from thesepoints to the hub of the Wheel, at the outer or front end of its shaft.It will be understood that trusses are formed at the inner rim, shownonly in Fig. 1, in precisely the same Way as at the outer rim which isshown in detail in Fig. 2, and that there may be a single diagonal strut12 at mid- Width of each section, or two or more, equally distributed,as may be required.

IOO

The wheel A may be made fast on the front end of the crank-shaft B inany approved way, and the frame-casting (l and its appurtenances maylikewise be of any approved construction. To coact with the crank at therear end of said crank-shaft, the pitman D, has a large cylindrical loop19, Figs. 4 to 6, at its lower end, provided internally with a woodenbushing 20, Fig. 4, preferably of hard maple, with the grain of thetimber' running lengthwise of the bushing; and a radial screw 21, tappedinto the loop 19 at a convenient point, fastens the bushing 2O securelytherein. At its upper end the pitman D is connected with the slide E bya knuckle-joint, Figs. 4, 5, 7 and 8, composed of a strong, nearly solidand nearly circular head 22 on the pitman, a socketed lug 23 on theslide E, having its socket entirely open on one side, as well as open toa'suflicient extent lengthwise of the pitman, or at bottom, and pro`vided with an oiling neck 24 at top, and with a central hole 25, Fig. 8,in the closed side of the socket, through which a screw 26, Fig. 5,extends into said head ot the pitman, which is drilled and tapped to asufiicient depth to hold the screw, so as to be kept in place thereby.The slide E is otherwise in the form ot a hollow cylinder, or tubular,as shown in Figs. '7 and 8; the pump-rod A is of what is known ashalf-round iron, with its convex side fitted to the interior of theslide; and the slide and pump-rod are tightly connected by means of apair of screw-bolts 27, Figs. 7 and 8, having their heads within theslide, and their outer ends provided with square nuts 28 ofsubstantially the same width as the shank of said lug 23. The open-endedvertical slot 29 of the guide-tube F is titted as to width to said nuts28 and said shank of the lug 23, which work within the same, as in Figs.4 and 5, and any loosening of the joint between the slide and thepump-rod is thus effectively prevented, while the joint is one readilymade by unskilled persons, and the parts can be separated and11e-assembled without any danger of their failing to keep tight afterbeing once loosened. The wooden bushing 20 is thoroughly saturated withoil before its insertion in the loop 19 of the pitman D, and thenrequires no further attention until it is so worn as to require renewal,making meanwhile a noiseless and frictionless box for the wrist of thecrank. Oil is supplied occasionally to the cups 30 of the shaft-bearingformed on the casting C, and to the neck 24 of the knuckle-joint betweenthe pitnian D and the slide E, as it may be required.

Having thus described the said improvement in windmills, I claim as myinvention and desire to patent under this specificationl. In a verticalsolid wind-wheel made in sections, the combination with the obliquesails ot segmental rim-sections in pairs near the outer and inner endsof the sails, rivets rigidly uniting said rim-sections with both lateraledges of the several sails, and diagonal struts interposed between therim-sections at angles the reverse of those of the sails, whereby eachsection of the wheel is converted into a truss, substantially ashereinbet'ore specitied.

2. The combination, in a solid vertical windwheel ot' oblique sailsarranged radially in customary manner, segmental rim-sections rivetedfast to both edges of each sail, and diagonal trussing struts interposedbetween the rim-sections and attached by the rivets which unite therim-sections with the sails, substantially as hereinbefore specied.

3. The combination, in a Vertical solid windwheel, of oblique sailsarranged radially in customary manner, segmental rim-sections riveted toboth lateral edges of each sail, diagonal trussing struts interposedbetween the rims and extending from the front edge of one sail to therear edge of an adjoining sail, through-bolts at the joints betweensuccessive rim-sections, strut-tubes surrounding said bolts between therim-sections at each joint, and radial ribs attached to the rim-sectionsat the respective joints by means ot said bolts, substantially ashereinbefore specified.

4. In a windmill, a power-transmitting pitman having a nearly circularand nearly solid head, in combination with a slide having a socketedlug'the socket of which is Open at one side and partly open at bottom,in the direction of the length ot the pitman, and is provided on topwith an oiling neck and in its closed side with a central opening, and ascrew passing through said opening into a tapped hole in said head ot'the pitman, substanti-ally as hereinbefore specitied.

5. In a windmill, the combination with a power-transmitting pitman of atubular slide, a pump-rod attached to said slide by outwardly extendingscrew-bolts having square nuts at their outer en ds, and a guide-tubehaving an open-ended vertical slot fitted as to width to said nuts, andwhich coacts with said nuts when the parts are assembled, to keep themfrom unscrewing, substantially as hereinbetore specied.

CHARLES B. PUTNAM.

Vitnesses:

JOEL G. J AoKsoN, A. L. DANIELS.

IIO

